第一种方法用mt_rand()

function GetRandStr($length){ $str="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"; $len=strlen($str)-1; $randstr=""; for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){ $num=mt_rand(0,$len); $randstr .= $str[$num]; } return $randstr; } $number=GetRandStr(6); echo $number; 

第二种方法(最快的)

function make_password( $length = 8 ) {  // 密码字符集,可任意添加你需要的字符  $chars = array("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h",  "i", "j", "k", "l","m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s",  "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y","z", "A", "B", "C", "D",  "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L","M", "N", "O",  "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y","Z",  "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "!",  "@","#", "$", "%", "^", "&", "*", "(", ")", "-", "_",  "[", "]", "{", "}", "<", ">", "~", "`", "+", "=", ",",  ".", ";", ":", "/", "?", "|");  // 在 $chars 中随机取 $length 个数组元素键名  $keys = array_rand($chars, $length);  $password = "";  for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++)  {   // 将 $length 个数组元素连接成字符串   $password .= $chars[$keys[$i]];  }  return $password; } 

第三种取当时时间戳

function get_password( $length = 8 ) {  $str = substr(md5(time()), 0, $length);//md5加密,time()当前时间戳  return $str; } 

第四种打乱字符串

function getrandstr(){ $str="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890"; $randStr = str_shuffle($str);//打乱字符串 $rands= substr($randStr,0,6);//substr(string,start,length);返回字符串的一部分 return $rands; } 

 //开始创建验证码(直接用函数生成,比较方便快捷)

$code = rand(10000, 99999); 

php mt_rand生成0~1随机小数的效果比较

lcg_value说明

float lcg_value ( void )

lcg_value() 返回范围为 (0, 1) 的一个伪随机数。本函数组合了周期为 2^31 - 85 和 2^31 - 249 的两个同余发生器。本函数的周期等于这两个素数的乘积。

返回:范围为 (0, 1) 的伪随机数。

<?php for($i=0; $i<5; $i++){  echo lcg_value().PHP_EOL; } ?> 

输出:

0.115165158519950.0646845515752970.682751740311890.557307465290990.70215008878091

两种生成0~1随机小数方法进行比较

1.执行时间比较

执行10万次基于mt_rand()与mt_getrandmax()算法的运行时间

<?php/** * 生成0~1随机小数 * @param Int $min * @param Int $max * @return Float */function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){ return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);}// 获取microtimefunction get_microtime(){ list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime()); return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;}// 记录开始时间$starttime = get_microtime();// 执行10万次获取随机小数for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){ randFloat();}// 记录结束时间$endtime = get_microtime();// 输出运行时间printf("run time %f ms", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);?>

输出:run time 266.893148 ms

执行10万次lcg_value()的运行时间

<?php// 获取microtimefunction get_microtime(){ list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime()); return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;}// 记录开始时间$starttime = get_microtime();// 执行10万次获取随机小数for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){ lcg_value();}// 记录结束时间$endtime = get_microtime();// 输出运行时间printf("run time %f ms", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);?>

输出:run time 86.178064 ms

执行时间上比较,因为lcg_value()直接是php原生方法,而mt_rand()与mt_getrandmax()需要调用两个方法,并需要进行计算,因此lcg_value()的执行时间大约快3倍。

2.随机效果比较

基于mt_rand()与mt_getrandmax()算法的随机效果

<?php/** * 生成0~1随机小数 * @param Int $min * @param Int $max * @return Float */function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){ return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);}header("content-type: image/png");$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){ for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){  $rand = randFloat();  if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){   imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);  }else{   imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);  } }}imagepng($im);imagedestroy($im);?>

lcg_value()的随机效果

<?phpheader("content-type: image/png");$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){ for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){  $rand = lcg_value();  if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){   imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);  }else{   imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);  } }}imagepng($im);imagedestroy($im);?>