Ubuntu18.04(linux)安装MySQL的方法步骤

安装

mysql

sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-server mysql-common mysql-clientsudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-common mysql-clientmysqladmin -u root password your-new-passwordsudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

mariadb

apt-get install mariadb-server

字符集修改utf8

如果装的mariadb, 默认字符集已经是utf8了。mysql则不是

mysql> show variables like "char%";+--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name      | Value           |+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client   | utf8            || character_set_connection | utf8            || character_set_database  | latin1           || character_set_filesystem | binary           || character_set_results  | utf8            || character_set_server   | latin1           || character_set_system   | utf8            || character_sets_dir    | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+

mysql> show variables like "collation%";+----------------------+-------------------+| Variable_name    | Value       |+----------------------+-------------------+| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci  || collation_database  | latin1_swedish_ci || collation_server   | latin1_swedish_ci |+----------------------+-------------------+

修改字符集：

sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

添加以下内容

[mysqld]collation-server = utf8_unicode_ciinit-connect="SET NAMES utf8"character-set-server = utf8

重启：

service mysql restart

登录权限问题

Ubuntu18.04 安装mysql或者mariadb之后，发现普通用户和远程都没有权限连接。

ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: "root@localhost" (Using password: YES)

修改了密码也不对。然后sudo mysql -u root即可登录。这显然不是我们想要的。

解决方案

删除root，重新创建用户。

首先，登录

sudo mysql -u root

然后查看当前用户

SELECT User,Host FROM mysql.user;+------------------+-----------+| User       | Host   |+------------------+-----------+| admin      | localhost || debian-sys-maint | localhost || magento_user   | localhost || mysql.sys    | localhost || root       | localhost |

删除root账号

mysql> DROP USER "root"@"localhost";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

重新创建root：

mysql> CREATE USER "root"@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "123456";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

授权

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "root"@"%" WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,01 sec)

关于重置密码

host为%时允许远程登录

SET PASSWORD FOR root@"localhost" = PASSWORD("password");

or

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD("newpwd") WHERE User="root";

or

USE mysqlUPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD("newpwd")WHERE Host = "localhost" AND User = "root";

允许任何地方登录

USE mysqlUPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD("newpwd")WHERE Host = "%" AND User = "root";

参考https://askubuntu.com/questions/766334/cant-login-as-mysql-user-root-from-normal-user-account-in-ubuntu-16-04https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MysqlPasswordReset

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